Noman IP (Ingress Protection) yana nuna yadda tabalai na silicone suna kama LED strips daga aljana’i da ruwa. Mai tsayi daga IP20 (tsaro mai zurfi na dust) zuwa IP68 (duba sosai fiye da meter 1). Dabarrenmu na uku sun haɗu:
| IP rating | Tas levelsuwa | Muhimmancin Wuri |
|---|---|---|
| IP65 | Ruwan da ke tsanyawa, kasa taushe | Alamar waje, wurare |
| Ƙarfin iska mai ƙarfi | Zaune mai karfi | Yankin wannan, ruwa mai zuma |
| IP68 | Zaune mai tsawo | Iluminashin ta ƙasa, amfani na karannin saman sama |
Ga alakar kofa masu ruwa kamar gida mai ruwa, IP65 yana ba da dabece daidai. Alaka akan yanayin gabasawa suna bukatar tubular silicone da aka kimba da wadannan IP65 don dutsen ruwa da gudu. A cikin amfani na karannin saman sama ko zaune, IP68 ke chiyawa saboda iya tafiyyata karfi na ruwan saman sama.
Tubular IP65 yana amfani da tsari mai dabara don kashe ruwan, yayin da waɗannan IP67 suna ba da tabbatarwa ga yanzu mai kurje kurjen ruwa. Tubular silicone da aka kimba da IP68 yana amfani da tsarin feshe-feshe biyu da dabarar baya, yana ba da uku shekaru duktiyar IP65 a yankin zaune (Ponemon 2023).
Idan kun installa abubuwan haƙuri na LED a wajen yanayi, mun gode ina da ma'ana IP65 ko fiye ne akan waɗannan kasafo na silicone domin su iya tafiyya ruwa mai sanya mai tsokon angarewa kuma ku barke dumi daga sama. Abubuwan da ke yankin biyu kamar IP54 bai yi daidaitacciyar barcin ruwa ba, wanda shi ne dalilin alaƙa daya wacce dukia LED sun kawo karin rashin aiki lokacin da aka amfani da su waje saboda binshikkaren Wired4Signs daga kwanan wata. Amma idan muka yi imanin halayyin yanayin gona masu harshenshin, to yayin da ake buƙata tubular IP67 ko har IP68. Waɗannan nau'ikan da ke yaukake sun hada da kayan da ke taimakawa wajen kula da rayuwar UV domin kawo karin kuzarin plastik lokacin da suka gabata a cikin rana.
Ankara silicone da ake kirga ga alamaroyin mai yawa sun tsaya da saukin tafiya da kwayoyin su ne sai dai sauƙi sauƙi a cikin 180 daraja kusan kada su karɓe. Wadannan abubuwan bayyane ne bisa PVC mai zurfi saboda sun tsaya masu iya canzawa a lokutan mai zurfi daga -60 daraja selsias zuwa 200 daraja selsias saboda binciken da aka sharhi a Journal of Materials Science Research mahuwaru. Yanzu wanne ya nufi waɗannan ankarannin aiki ne a samaun tazarar Artik ko a samaun tazara mai zurfi. A waje na kansa kan hanyar takaingarin UV masu zurfi, silicone mai yawa yana kare takamaiman 98% na iradiyoshein UVB karboon 10,000 sa’a a cikin labotin. Wannan aiki yana dauka uku shekaru uku fiye da abin da ake iya gadawa da rubber na daya a cikin wadannan binciken da aka ambata.
Takamumin teknolojin ƙaramin silicone yana da kayan ayyukan kewayon gaban kwayoyin da maɓallin hydrophobic na musamman wanda ya tsayi cikin shigar da ruwa. Muna yi irin alaƙa da kyau da tausayi zuwa zuwa 1.5 bar, wanda ke nufi an zaune shi ne 15 meter ƙasa ruwa ba komai. Abin da ke sa yayi kyau shine tsarin cell mai gyara a ciki. Wannan tsari ya kila dust particles zuwa zuwa 1 micron wani abu mai susun mutum bai iya ganin sa ba tare da mata bukata. Wasu gwaji masu zaman kansu bayyane cewa wannan kayan dabe ya kila ruwa taushe daga karo-karo mai zurfi ko da an juya shi ga zurfin ruwa mai zurfi zuwa zuwa 95%. Abin da ya kamata a yarda sosai saboda yake da kyau sosai akan kayan dabi'u masu amfani.
Gwada a wajen ilo da suka bi 1200 na gabas yana nuna cewa waɗannan tubularin silikon da aka kipta IP68 suna tafiya daidai bayan zaune da suka fi 200 zuwa kuma suna fuskantar gudu masu teburin kwamfidi mai tsokace. Lokacin da aka yi muhakar da alkarbura, suna iya canzawa sosai a dutsen da ke karkashin karbari inda abubuwan da ke yankin karbari suna iya samun rashin zurfi. Gwadawar laburan yana nuna cewa suna iya kare zurfin karbari roughly two and a half times longer than standard alternatives. Wani abin girmama ne shine irin alamar anti static da suka shigar da suke kare dust sticking to surfaces by approximately sixty percent. Wannan yana haɓaka izinin yanzu a kowane yanayi game da kula da ukuƙƙan fara na factories ko dutsen da ke yankin zango inda dust buildup zai zama abin masallaci.
Zuwa zuwa mai tsauri, waɗansu suna amfani da alama mai tadawa IP20 zuwa IP54 lokacin da ke kafa abubuwan a kusurwa ko badarwarin da yake buƙatar taminga yawan ruwa. Amsa sai dai, lokacin da muka fito, buƙatar sun karu sosai. Kusan duk wadansu patios masu dawo suna iya amfani da tadawa IP65 saboda waɗannan tadawanne suna kula darumi ta hanyar zuma kuma iya kula ruwan da aka rage shi ne na alzantika baba kompramis. Amma idan wani abu butuce ya kasance a waje a kowace lokaci kamar waɗansu iluminashin gari waɗanda mutane su kafa, to ana buƙata IP67. Waɗannan alamar masu iyaka iya kokomin ruwa za a iya zama a cikin ruwa maimakon lokaci idan akwai kwanciyar ruwa ko kwancin ruwa. Waɗansu mai rume-rume suna san wannan a kai bayan kirkirar doro irin doro waɗanda su sauya kayayyukan su!
Anan karamin silicone na IP65 suna ba da ilimin dade mai zurfi a cikin alakwari masu yawa. Kamar yadda ke fara abubuwan da suka hausa ya kare ruwa ta shigar da zuwa a cikin wasu alakwari (ta hanyar gudanar da girman girma na ruwa 10–15%) yayin da ke tsaya da samun 85% samun ilimi dibu daya ne sai dai. Don iliminsa a gabatun kayan batutuwa, an kara nisa mai sauƙi da karkashin biyu wanda yana kare girman korosi daga cikin rukunin rukuwa ta hanyar 72% (Tattaunawar Tabbatar da Makamashi na 2023).
| Fasali | Karamin Silicone na IP65 | Karamin Silicone na IP67 |
|---|---|---|
| Zama Mai Sauki Ga Ruwa | Tama & Rukunin Rukuwa | Zama Mai Sauki Ga Ruwa Bayan Ranar Da Dama |
| Tasawwu'a Mai Watsa | -20°C to 60°C | -30°C to 70°C |
| Rukunin Ilimi | 8-12% | 12-15% |
| TUNA | 45,000 hours | 50,000 watai |
Alajiji na gini masu karfi da yawa da yawa suna buƙatar karamin IP67, wadanda suka nuna adadin kasuwancin sigina tausayi 92% karanci ga IP65 a cikin labarin tattara annabawa.
Mafara marar silicone na yankin ruwa sun kama tare da tasiri na IP68 tare da kayan da ba za a iya kuma karuwa ba, wadanda ke iya tafiyya karuwa ta saman gaba biyu juƙuri ne kamar irin IP67 na yau da kullun. A cikin alakar ayyuka, mafara da aka oda shi da IP69K—wanda ke iya tafiyya har zuwa 140°C—da alka mai tsabar karuwa, an nuna cewa sun kama da rashin biyan siginar shekara na $18 per meter a cikin yankin mining conveyor.
Yin siginar karuwa masu sahihu ya fara tare da yadda aka cutta da aka seal. Bi waɗannan hanyoyi:
Kamar yadda ake fassara a 2024 Industrial Electrical Practices Study, wani shigarwa mai sauƙi yana da mahimmanci—kunne mai yawa ya haɗa da 73% na kuskuren kullewa a cikin alakar da aka kulle.
Yi amfani da takwarcin gwagwarmaya:
| Aiki | Tsarin Cikin Gida | Tsarin Duniya |
|---|---|---|
| Taura mai silicone | Wannan sasa biyu | Wannan sasa uku |
| Dubawa na joint | Per Year | Biannual |
| Zabi na tsare-tsare UV | Babu baya | Kowane shekara (bayan 3 shekara) |
Yi watsi daga amfani da abubuwan takiwa dole su daki saufin silicone. A yankin koma, washin natsuwa na saltu kowane watan da ruwa mai zafi—aikin da aka tattauna cewa ya bada rayuwar tsarin 40% a cikin tallafin karin shekaru.
Idan ya kamata tsauraran da kwayoyin, tubular na silicone suna fayyacen sha'awar daidai ne epoxy da PVC. Epoxy ta tenda wuya yayin da ke samun sama da yawa kuma ta fara kaguta bayan canjin girma a cikin girman ruwa, yayin da silicone ta dacewa a cikin teburin girma mai zurfi, ta aiki kyautu daga -40 daraja selsiyas zuwa 200 daraja. Ga wasu amfanin abubuwan da aka amfani da su waje, PVC ita ce babban batutuwa wacce ta canza launi zuwa albarkau a cikin 12 zuwa 18 kwanan wata kuma ba ta iya tafiya kamar silicone bane. Wasu yanayin lissafi baru kan abubuwan da ba za su samun ruwa ba suna nuna abin da ya faru: silicone ta hana LED su shine kyautu ta hanyar kusa da 15 zuwa kusan 20% dibu da coatings na epoxy lokacin da yake samun ruwa. Wannan nau'in farko yana muhimmanci ga abubuwan da ke bukatar sadarwar ruwa mai tsammani.
Tubularin silicone suna da tsari mai kyau, yayin da ke cire microgaps wanda ake iya samunsa a PVC glued sleeves ko heat-shrink wraps. Lab testing ya kawo muhimmiyar suwa da suwa 72-hour salt spray exposure (ASTM B117) ba tare da corrosion, yayin da PVC-jacketed strips ke barin cikin 48 hours—wato silicone ita ce ideal don yanki na ilim’ijin haihuwa da abokan katamawa.
Kayan silicone sunayen da maɓallin muhimma sosai yanzu kamar yanka na epoxy, saboda bayani a sarari su ne 30 zuwa 40% masoyi. Amma idan muka duba dama iyaka, kayan waɗannan su tsinelar da aka shahara gabaɗaya 50,000 sa’a wato an naya canzawa su 3 zuwa 5 karon karanci a alamomin yanke. Ga wasu riru mai hisabta daga Masaukin Iyakar Abubuwa a shekarar 2023, sharuɗɗan da ke yi canje zuwa silicone sun shaƙalci masoyin canzawa su ƙare da kusan 40% hanya akan hudu shekara. Sai dai kuma akwai abin da ta halarta game da sama kan silicone na ingantacciyar tattalin arziki wanda ya nawayi tasowa a hankali, yayin da yake amfani da rashin tasowa ga mutane da ke sarrafa alamomin irin garaje mai dust ko karkurin garaje mai dust inda kama'adin dust always take a problem.
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